EASTERN ROMAN ARCADIUS AD 383-408 AE4 Nummus /Three emperors NGC (037)

Obverse:pearl-diademed, draped, cuirassed
bust right, star behind bust.

Reverse: Three emperors standing facing.

The two outermost are taller, holding spears, and resting hand on shield,
turning towards each other.

 

Flavius Arcadius (377/378–1 May 408) was
Byzantine Emperor in the Eastern half of the Roman Empire from 395 until his
death. //



Arcadius was born in Hispania , the elder son of Theodosius I and Aelia
Flaccilla , and brother of Honorius , who would become a Western Roman Emperor .
His father declared him an Augustus and co-ruler for the Eastern half of the
Empire in January, 383. His younger brother was also declared Augustus in 393,
for the Western half.



As emperors, Honorius was under the control of the Romanized Vandal magister
militum Flavius Stilicho while Arcadius was dominated by one of his ministers,
Rufinus . Stilicho is alleged by some to have wanted control of both emperors,
and is supposed to have had Rufinus assassinated by Gothic mercenaries in 395;
though definite proof of Stilicho's involvement in the assassination is lacking,
the intense competition and political jealousies engendered by the two figures
compose the main thread of the first part of Arcadius' reign. Arcadius' new
advisor, the eunuch Eutropius , simply took Rufinus' place as the power behind
the Eastern imperial throne.



Arcadius was also dominated by his wife Aelia Eudoxia , who convinced her
husband to dismiss Eutropius, who was holding the consulate, at the height of
his power, in 399. That same year, on the 13th July, Arcadius issued an edict
ordering that all remaining non-Christian temples should be immediately
demolished .



Eudoxia's influence was strongly opposed by John Chrysostom , the Patriarch of
Constantinople , who felt that she had used her family's wealth to gain control
over the emperor. Eudoxia used her influence to have Chrysostom deposed in 404,
but she died later that year. Eudoxia gave to Arcadius four children: three
daughters, Pulcheria , Arcadia and Marina, and one son, Theodosius, the future
Emperor Theodosius II .



Arcadius was dominated for the rest of his rule by Anthemius , the Praetorian
Prefect , who made peace with Stilicho in the West. Arcadius himself was more
concerned with appearing to be a pious Christian than he was with political or
military matters, and he died, only nominally in control of his empire, in 408.

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